The structurality of matter and its evolution

Abstract

The necessity of taking into account the structurality of matter in the study of the evolution of nature within the framework of the fundamental laws of physics is substantiated. The existing limitations of classical mechanics, thermodynamics, statistical physics and kinetics that make this possibility difficult are discussed. It is shown that these restrictions are removed if, instead of the Newtonian equation of motion of a material point, the equation of motion of a system of potentially interacting material points is used. The physical principles arising from the concepts of symmetry and necessary for obtaining such an equation of motion are presented and substantiated. One of them is the principle of symmetry dualism. According to this principle, the evolution of bodies and their dynamics are determined by both space-time symmetries and the symmetries of the bodies themselves. Based on these principles, the resulting equation of motion and the modified Liouville equation are proposed, which take into account the relationship between dynamics and changes in the internal states of bodies. They follow from the condition of invariance of the total energy of the body, represented as the sum of the energy of motion in an inhomogeneous field of forces and its internal energy. Their properties are described. Based on them, a description of the evolution of natural objects is proposed. B ‘ the volution of objects of matter is conditioned by both their dynamics and changes in internal states, which follows from the condition of the structurality of bodies.

Key words: symmetry, irreversibility, evolution, the principle of least action, entropy, quantum systems, mechanics, dynamics.