DUAL PHASE SPACE OF A NON-EQUILIBRIUM SYSTEM

Abstract

The notion of a dual phase space that allows analyzing the processes of evolution of nonequilibrium systems is developing. The dual phase space is constructed based on the approximation of local thermodynamic equilibrium, when nonequilibrium systems can be represented by a set of equilibrium subsystems. At the same time, the equilibrium subsystems are a sufficiently large number of potentially interacting material points. This principle is based on the principle of symmetry duality. According to this principle, the dynamics of the system is determined both by the symmetries of the space in which it moves, and by the internal symmetries of the system itself. This principle leads to the need to divide the energy of the system into its energy of movement in space and internal energy. In accordance with the principle of symmetry duality, the dual phase space consists of two orthogonal subspaces: the subspace of the macro variables that determine the motion of the equilibrium subsystems, and the subspace of the micro variables that determine the dynamics of the material points relative to the center of mass of each of the subsystems. The proposed phase space makes it possible to study the processes of establishing equilibrium in a nonequilibrium system based on a deterministic mechanism for the irreversibility of structured particles. Analytic conditions characterizing the process of establishing equilibrium in a conservative nonequilibrium system are obtained.

Keywords: dynamical systems, phase space, irreversibility, mechanics of structured particles.