Morphological features of heliogeophysical conditions leading to the appearance of geomagnetically induced currents on the territory of Kazakhstan

Abstract

Morphological features of helio-geophysical conditions leading to the appearance of geomagnetically induced currents at mid-latitudes are determined. Using the example of a very large geomagnetic storm with a sudden onset that occurred on May 10-15, 2021, the morphological features of the helio-geophysical conditions leading to the appearance of geomagnetically induced currents at mid-latitudes are described. To describe this heliogeophysical event, satellite observations with high time resolution (5 minutes) for various parameters of the solar wind, data on interplanetary and geomagnetic indices were used. Geomagnetically induced currents can be introduced into the network and cause many adverse consequences. The vulnerability of major electric power systems to such events has increased over the past few decades as the transmission lines of the power grid have become more interconnected and increased in length. In this paper, the morphological features of the helio-geophysical conditions leading to the appearance of geomagnetically induced currents at middle latitudes are determined. Thus, using the example of a very large geomagnetic storm with a sudden onset that occurred on May 10-15, 2021, a description is given of the morphological features of the helio-geophysical conditions leading to the appearance of geomagnetically induced currents at mid-latitudes.