STRUCTURE OF MATTER IN PHYSICS

Abstract

The work is devoted to the study of the role of the structure of matter in the processes of its evolution, as well as in physics in general. It demonstrates the necessity of taking this role into account when constructing a picture of the world that takes its evolution into account, as well as when constructing a new branch of physics—the physics of evolution. It demonstrates why and how evolutionary physics can be constructed based on an equation of motion that accounts for the influence of a body's structure on the nature of its motion in a heterogeneous force space. A brief explanation of the derivations of the equation of motion, which takes into account the role of a body's structure in its dynamics, is provided. An explanation is offered for why this equation should be derived from the condition of conservation of total energy and why it should be represented as the sum of the energy of motion and the internal energy. Such a representation of the total energy is necessary in accordance with the principle of dualism of symmetry. It is shown how taking into account the role of the structure of elements of matter in their dynamics leads to the elimination of the contradiction between mechanics, statistical physics, and thermodynamics. It is demonstrated how the second law of thermodynamics follows from this equation, as well as the infinite divisibility of matter. It is considered how the possibility of constructing an evolutionary picture of the world follows from the condition of infinite divisibility of matter. An analysis of existing physical problems is performed, the solution of which requires taking into account the structure of matter. In particular, it is considered how the condition of infinite divisibility of matter can affect the interpretation of some fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. The equation of motion of a quantum particle is considered, taking into account its structure, and the properties of this equation are determined. It is shown that for an elementary structured quantum particle, quantum-wave duality is determined by the presence of internal energy, which provides the particle's internal oscillation, and the energy of motion, which provides the oscillating particle's motion in space